Work-in-progress draft, please fix and expand
Python (http://python.org/) is an officially supported language in GNOME, alongside C++, Java and Perl, and in the GNOME Mobile Platform alongside C++. The basis for the language binding from Python to C is PyGTK, which you want to look in when you start programming.
Software in the GNOME Desktop
GNOME 2.16 came with Alacarte, Orca.
GNOME 2.18 adds DeskbarApplet, glChess, GnomeSudoku.
GNOME 2.20 adds Sabayon, Accerciser.
To get more software included, see ReleasePlanning/ModuleProposing.
Scripting on the GNOME Desktop
Bindings for the GNOME Platform
Official bindings: PyGTK, PyGTK/GnomePython, Python GNOME Desktop, Orbit-Python, GAP/PythonATSPI
Extra bindings: PyGTK/GnomePythonExtras
Third-party bindings: dbus-python, evolution-python, PyWebKitGtk
- Missing bindings: ?
It's fairly easy to create new bindings using PyGTK Codegen.
Other GNOME projects
From the GNOME Project Listing and elsewhere:
Applets: GNOME Blog
To become a GNOME project, see Infrastructure.
Other software for GNOME
Applications: Conduit, SoundConverter
Applets: Echelon, Gnomolicious, http://upics.sourceforge.net/, OnTV, TorApplet
See also Applications that use PyGTK and GnomeFiles search on "Python".